SRINAGAR: Climate change is a dangerous reality that is largely becoming accepted and addressed by governments globally. With several research studies, it is evident that Jammu And Kashmir State is highly vulnerable to this global phenomenon. In 2007, Action Aid's study, "On the brink? A Report on Climate Change and its impact in Kashmir" reported that the average temperature in the Kashmir region had already exampled a rise of 1.45 degrees celsius and a rise of 2.32 degrees celsius in Jammu, with a progressive increase of 0.05 degrees celsius per year. In 2010, the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF),Government of India, conducted research regarding the future impacts of climate change in Kashmir.

 

One of the projected effects, glacier melt in the Himalayas, will eventually elevate flooding, rock avalanches and will have an adverse effect on water resources, reducing river flows as the glacier withdraws. Additionally, there will be a horrible decrease of freshwater availability. The state will also witness negative social effects as climate change is expected to impede sustainable development through limiting natural resources and reducing the quality of life through further restrictions placed on urbanization, industrialization and economic development.

 

Currently, agriculture and horticulture serve as high contributors to the state's GDP; however, the study also states that these sectors will see great decline as increased rains hamper paddy production and some areas are converted to dry lands. Additionally, the state will see a high deficit in food production leading to increased dependence on imports for products such as mutton, milk and poultry.

 

Therefore, now is the time to seek solutions and implement alternative strategies for development in the state.The study conducted by MOEF offers the following suggestions for climate sensitive development strategies: cleaner fuel, clean energy through solar or wind energy, sustainable forest management, integrated watershed management approach, promotion of dry land agriculture and sustainable ecotourism. Effective response to climate change requires urgent and collective cooperation both socially and economically. Therefore, in the next few decades, it is predicted that green businesses will become more predominant and beneficial to society.

 

Initially, the change will be costly; this is an unfortunate yet an inevitable reality. However, as green business opportunities increase and the awareness of the need for change becomes more prevalent, the financial gains will rise as well. The result of a low- carbon, resource efficient economy serves not only as a reason for change but a requirement for local, national and international governments to conduct environment friendly shifts both socially and economically.

 

Aspiring entrepreneurs wishing to pursue green business opportunities should possess determined, passionate resolve for the cause and mission of preserving the quality of life in the community through energy-efficient strategies. As in all business startups, there will be obstacles along the way; however, the need for green business alternatives in Kashmir is too strong to ignore.